Vice Presidents that I know of who bore (or were entitled to have borne) heraldic arms:
4. George Clinton - Argent six cross crosslets fitchy Sable on a chief Azure two mullets Or pierced Gules.
6. Daniel D. Tompkins reportedly bore Azure on a chevron between three cock-pheasants close Or three cross-crosslets Sable, according to Bolton's American Armory.
7. John C. Calhoun, I believe, used the Scottish arms of Colquhoun of Luss undifferenced, Argent a saltire engrailed Sable. Or at least I've seen them attributed to him.
27. James S. Sherman would have been entitled to Or a lion rampant Sable between three oak leaves Vert, although whether he actually used this coat or not I don't know.
There may be some others; one would have to know the genealogy of the VPs.